Quantifying the performance effects of idle time utilization in multiserver systems

In many practical multiserver queueing systems, servers not only serve randomly arriving customers but also work on the secondary jobs with infinite backlog during their idle time. In this paper, we propose a c‐server model with a two‐threshold policy, denoted by (e d), to evaluate the performance of this class of systems. With such a policy, when the number of idle servers has reached d (<c), then e (<d) idle agents will process secondary jobs. These e servers keep working on the secondary jobs until they find waiting customers exist in the system at a secondary job completion instant. Using the matrix analytic method, we obtain the stationary performance measures for evaluating different (e, d) policies. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007.     

弹丸初速对磁阻型线圈发射器发射性能的影响分析

通过设置弹丸初速并研究其对单级磁阻型线圈发射器发射性能的影响,模拟分析前一级线圈弹丸出口速度对后一级线圈发射性能影响的规律;利用Ansoft有限元仿真软件进行了动态仿真,得到弹丸初速对单级磁阻型线圈发射器驱动电流、驱动线圈感应电压、电磁力、弹丸出VI速度、弹丸位移及能量转换效率等影响的规律．研究表明：弹丸初速越大,经过单级线圈加速后弹丸出口速度也越大,但弹丸出口速度增量减小;随着弹丸初速增大,能量转换效率呈现先增大后减小的趋势．     

电磁轨道炮电感梯度影响因素分析

利用Ansoft Maxwell 14.0有限元分析软件,在考虑和不考虑电枢2种情况下对简单电磁轨道炮电感梯度的影响作对比分析,得出计算电感梯度时有必要将电枢的影响考虑进去的结论.为提高增强型轨道炮的电感梯度,分析不同轨道间距、厚度以及不同炮口宽度对2种增强型轨道炮电感梯度的影响,得出电感梯度随轨道参数变化的规律.     

战术电磁导轨炮用电源初探

本文提出战术电磁导轨炮对电源的要求,依此分析了四种高功率脉冲电源特性。评述了它们在战术上的可用性.     

不确定环境下装备采购项目组织结构评估研究

首先分析了装备采购项目组织结构柔性的概念、环境不确定性的主客观因素及组织结构柔性与环境不确定性匹配的涵义;其次提出了装备采购项目组织结构柔性与环境不确定性的评价指标体系和测度方法,并在此基础上设计了组织结构柔性与环境不确定性匹配度的计算方法及判断准则;最后给出了算例。     

中继卫星调度问题的CSP模型

中继卫星在地球同步静止轨道上运行,既能直视中、低轨道用户航天器,又能直视地面站,是沟通用户航天器与地面站的桥梁。中继卫星调度问题是一类非常重要的调度问题。基于约束满足理论,通过分析中继卫星调度问题的特点与约束条件,建立了中继卫星调度问题的CSP模型。利用卫星工具箱STK进行模拟仿真,对CSP模型进行了求解。结果表明,所建立的CSP模型是合理的。     

电磁发射的出口速度及负载质量变化对导轨热量的影响

为分析不同发射出口速度、不同发射负载质量对导轨积累热量的影响,建立了导轨温度场模型,计算了导轨各点温度变化过程,并和光纤光栅温度传感器测量结果对比,验证了模型及测量结果的正确性。在此基础上,设计并进行了三种类型实验,分析了在不同发射速度、不同发射负载质量以及相同发射能级不同发射速度下的导轨热量积累差异。该结论为确定连发间隔、导轨冷却设计提供了有效参考。     

Bayesian strategies for dynamic pricing in e‐commerce

E‐commerce platforms afford retailers unprecedented visibility into customer purchase behavior and provide an environment in which prices can be updated quickly and cheaply in response to changing market conditions. This study investigates dynamic pricing strategies for maximizing revenue in an Internet retail channel by actively learning customers' demand response to price. A general methodology is proposed for dynamically pricing information goods, as well as other nonperishable products for which inventory levels are not an essential consideration in pricing. A Bayesian model of demand uncertainty involving the Dirichlet distribution or a mixture of such distributions as a prior captures a wide range of beliefs about customer demand. We provide both analytic formulas and efficient approximation methods for updating these prior distributions after sales data have been observed. We then investigate several strategies for sequential pricing based on index functions that consider both the potential revenue and the information value of selecting prices. These strategies require a manageable amount of computation, are robust to many types of prior misspecification, and yield high revenues compared to static pricing and passive learning approaches. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

Stein–Chen approximation and error bounds for order fill rates in assemble‐to‐order systems

Assemble‐to‐order (ATO) is an important operational strategy for manufacturing firms to achieve quick response to customer orders while keeping low finished good inventories. This strategy has been successfully used not only by manufacturers (e.g., Dell, IBM) but also by retailers (e.g., Amazon.com). The evaluation of order‐based performance is known to be an important but difficult task, and the existing literature has been mainly focused on stochastic comparison to obtain performance bounds. In this article, we develop an extremely simple Stein–Chen approximation as well as its error‐bound for order‐based fill rate for a multiproduct multicomponent ATO system with random leadtimes to replenish components. This approximation gives an expression for order‐based fill rate in terms of component‐based fill rates. The approximation has the property that the higher the component replenishment leadtime variability, the smaller the error bound. The result allows an operations manager to analyze the improvement in order‐based fill rates when the base‐stock level for any component changes. Numerical studies demonstrate that the approximation performs well, especially when the demand processes of different components are highly correlated; when the components have high base‐stock levels; or when the component replenishment leadtimes have high variability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

静止条件下轨道发射器瞬态电磁场分布有限元模拟

在电枢静止条件下建立了简单轨道发射器及块状电枢的三维有限元模型。利用ANSYS模拟得到了轨道及电枢内的瞬态电流密度分布。结果显示,在通电过程中电流趋向轨道内侧表面,并在电枢尾部与轨道接触处集中,电流线聚集是造成轨道和电枢之间放电烧蚀的最主要原因。同时得到的还有轨道发射器周围空间的瞬态磁场分布,其结果表明,感应磁场主要集中分布在靠近电枢尾部一侧的两轨道间,并向后延续到约等于4倍口径的长度,电枢所在的位置正好是磁场激增区域。